![]() The prevalence of hypertension varies across regions and country income groups. ![]() Why is hypertension an important issue in low- and middle-income countries? In addition, hypertension can cause kidney damage, leading to kidney failure. Hypertension can also burst or block arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain, causing a stroke. Irregular heart beat which can lead to a sudden death.Heart failure, which occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to other vital body organs.The longer the blood flow is blocked, the greater the damage to the heart. Heart attack, which occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked and heart muscle cells die from lack of oxygen.This elevated pressure and reduced blood flow can cause: Excessive pressure can harden arteries, decreasing the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart. What are the complications of uncontrolled hypertension?Among other complications, hypertension can cause serious damage to the heart. Although individuals can measure their own blood pressure using automated devices, an evaluation by a health professional is important for assessment of risk and associated conditions. Having blood pressure measured is quick and painless. The only way to detect hypertension is to have a health professional measure blood pressure. Severe hypertension can cause fatigue, nausea, vomiting, confusion, anxiety, chest pain, and muscle tremors. When symptoms do occur, they can include early morning headaches, nosebleeds, irregular heart rhythms, vision changes, and buzzing in the ears. For this reason, it is essential that blood pressure is measured regularly. Most people with hypertension are unaware of the problem because it may have no warning signs or symptoms. Hypertension is called a "silent killer". What are common symptoms of hypertension? Non-modifiable risk factors include a family history of hypertension, age over 65 years and co-existing diseases such as diabetes or kidney disease. Modifiable risk factors include unhealthy diets (excessive salt consumption, a diet high in saturated fat and trans fats, low intake of fruits and vegetables), physical inactivity, consumption of tobacco and alcohol, and being overweight or obese. What are the risk factors for hypertension? Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is measured on two different days, the systolic blood pressure readings on both days is ≥140 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure readings on both days is ≥90 mmHg. The second (diastolic) number represents the pressure in the vessels when the heart rests between beats. The first (systolic) number represents the pressure in blood vessels when the heart contracts or beats. Hypertension is when blood pressure is too high.īlood pressure is written as two numbers. ![]() Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the body’s arteries, the major blood vessels in the body.
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